【经典高分文献阅读】氟哌啶醇预防成人术后谵妄的有效性和安全性:一项基于随机对照试验的最新meta分析

Luffy医学频道 2021-12-17

氟哌啶醇谵妄news

803 字丨阅读本文需 9 分钟

Efficacy and safety of haloperidol for delirium prevention in adult patients: An updated meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials

氟哌啶醇预防成人术后谵妄的有效性和安全性:一项更新的基于随机对照试验序贯分析的meta分析

By 丹妮&苗&猫

序贯实验:逐一试验逐一分析,可下结论时,立即停止试验。它比固定样本法,平均可节省受试对象30~50%

氟哌啶醇:

1.治疗:精神疾病;ICU患者躁动性谵妄

2.不良反应:

①心血管反应:心动过速,偶有过缓,大剂量可出现心跳骤停;高血压

②锥体外系反应:静坐不能

③肌张力障碍:喉痉挛等

01

目的

Study objective: To identify the efficacy and safety of haloperidol prophylaxis in adult patients with a high risk for delirium.

探索氟哌啶醇对预防具有高术后谵妄风险的成人的有效性和安全性

02

研究设计

Design: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis of randomized controlled trials.

随机对照序贯实验的meta分析

03

方法

Intervention: A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed, the ISI Web of Knowledge, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception through to March 2019.Citation screening, data abstraction and quality assessment were performed in duplicate. Meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis (TSA) were used to assess the primary and secondary outcomes. In addition, we used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to evaluate the certainty of the body of evidence.

在PubMed,ISI,Cochrane图书馆,Embase数据库进行了一个从研究开始至2019年3月的全面搜索。重复进行引文筛选,数据提取和质量评价。采用试验序贯分析(TSA)的meta分析来评价主要和次要结果。此外,我们还使用GRADE系统来评价证据主体。

04

主要结果

Main results: We appraised 8 RCTs involving 3034 patients that that were in compliance with inclusion and exclusion criterion. Pooled analyses indicated patients receiving haloperidol prophylaxis and placebo or normal saline did not significantly differ in incidence of delirium (relative risk [RR] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.70 to 1.15), with TSA inconclusive. Notably, compared with the control group, use of haloperidol significantly decreased the duration of delirium (Mean difference [MD] −0.94; 95% CI −1.82 to −0.06 days),with a marked heterogeneity. Additionally, haloperidol prophylaxis does not significantly affect duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay and mortality. In terms of safety profiles, haloperidol was not associated with increased risk for QTc prolongation, extrapyramidal symptoms, or adverse events. GRADE indicated the level of evidence was very low for a benefit from haloperidol prophylaxis.

我们评估了8项随机对照试验,纳入3034例符合标准的患者。综合分析表明三组分别接受氟哌啶醇预防,安慰剂,生理盐水的患者术后谵妄发生率没有显著差异([RR]:0.90;95%[CI]:0.70-1.15),序贯实验分析不确定。值得注意的是,与对照组相比,使用氟哌啶醇显著降低术后谵妄的持续时间([MD]:−0.94;95%[CI]:−1.82-−0.06),但具有明显的异质性。

05

结论

Conclusions: The results of our meta-analysis suggested the use of prophylactic haloperidol compared with placebo had no beneficial impacts on incidence of delirium, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, length of hospital stay and mortality in adult patients. It appeared to have a positive effect on duration of delirium, while with a significant heterogeneity. These findings do not support the routine usage of haloperidol for delirium prevention.

meta分析结果提示,预防性使用氟哌啶醇对成年患者的术后谵妄发生率、机械通气时间、ICU住院时间、住院时间和死亡率均无积极影响。积极的一面是对术后谵妄持续时间的影响,同时具有显著的异质性。以上结果并不支持常规使用氟哌啶醇预防术后谵妄。

Figure&Table

流程图

纳入研究特征

序贯实验分析

随机效应meta回归分析显示了研究效应量与(A)发表年份、(B)患者数、(C)男性百分比之间,(D)平均年龄,(E)持续时间,(F)每日剂量之间的关系。圆的大小与结果研究方差的大小成反比,因此更精确的研究有更大的圆。

                                                亚组分析

森林图:术后谵妄持续时间(A)、机械通气时间(B)、ICU住院时间(C)、住院时间(D)、预防性使用氟哌啶醇死亡率(E)

森林图:QTc间期延长(A),锥体外系症状(B),不良事件(C)

结果总结

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